Rulings

Ijazat lene ka huqm apne ghar ki surat me bhi hai

Ek shakhs ne Nabi Akram ﷺ se poocha ke kya main apni maa ke paas jaate waqt bhi ijazat talab karoon? Aap ﷺ ne farmaya ke haan. Usne kaha, mere siwa unki khidmat karne wala koi nahi hai, kya har baar jab main unke paas jaoon to ijazat maangoon? Farmaya ke kya tu pasand karta hai ke apni maa ko aari (na pasand haalat mein) dekhe?

Abdullah bin Masood رضي الله عنه ka qoul hai ke apni maa aur behnon ke paas bhi jao to ijazat lekar jao. Unki biwi Hazrat Zainab رضي الله عنها se riwayat hai ke jab wo ghar aate to aisi awaaz nikalte jisse unki aamdad ka ilm ho jata.

Nigah (Nazar) Nichi Rakhna

Nigaahen neeche rakhne ki ahmiyat ka andaaza is se lagaiye ke aurton aur mardon ko alag alag iska hukm diya gaya.
Surah An-Nur, Ayat no. 30 mein farmaya gaya hai:

"Qul lil-mu'mineena yaghuddoo min absarihim wa yahfazoo furoojahum"
(Ae Nabi ﷺ momin mardon se kaho ke apni nigaahen neeche rakhein aur apni sharamgah ki hifazat karein).

Aage chal kar Ayat 31 mein irshaad hota hai:

"Wa qul lil-mu'minaati yaghzudna min absarihinna wa yahfazna furoojahunna"
(Ae Nabi ﷺ momin auraton se keh do ke apni nigaahen neeche rakhein aur apni sharamgah ki hifazat karein).

Nigaahon ki hifazat ka hukm ghar se bahar bhi hai, taake na-mahramon par nigaah na pade. Lekin asal mein yeh hukm ghar ke andar ke liye hai, kyunke bahar chalte hue nigaah neeche rakhne se kisi cheez se takrane ka khatra ho sakta hai. Ghar ke andar is hukm ka taqaza yeh hai ke mahram khawateen par bhi bharpoor nigaah na daali jaye.

Bila shuba mahram khawateen ke saath ek taqaddus ka rishta hai, lekin baharhaal ba-hasiat jins-e-mukhalif, mard aur aurat mein ek doosre ke liye kashish hoti hai aur nigaahon ki be-ehteyati fitna ka sabab ban sakti hai.

Haqeeqat yeh hai ke bad-naziri badkaari ke raste ki pehli seedhi hai. Isi wajah se is ayat mein nigaahon ki hifazat ke hukm ko hifazat-e-farj ke hukm par muqaddam rakha gaya hai.

Hadees mein kai jagah aata hai ke ek martaba ek naabeena Sahabi Hazrat Abdullah bin Umm Maktoom رضي الله عنه Nabi Akram ﷺ ke hujra mubarak mein tashreef laaye to Sayyida Maimoona رضي الله عنها aur Sayyida Umm Salama رضي الله عنها se aap ﷺ ne farmaya, "Inse parda karo." Woh kehne lagein, "Kya yeh naabeena nahi hain?" Aap ﷺ ne farmaya, "Magar tum to naabeena nahi ho."

Hamaare maamlaat aaj is nahj par pohnch chuke hain ke humne naujawan ladkiyon ko makhloot taleemi idaaron, daftaron aur deegar mahafil mein ghair-mahramon ke saath azadana mail-jol ki ijaazat de rakhi hai. Baaz waalideen kehte hain ke humein apni beti par bharosa hai. Kya Nabi Akram ﷺ ko (naudhubillah) Hazrat Aisha رضي الله عنها aur deegar azwaj-e-mutahharat رضي الله عنهن par bharosa nahi tha, jinki pakeezgi ki gawaahi khud Rabb-ul-Izzat ne Surah An-Nur ke doosre rukoo mein di hai?

Bad-naziri ke nateejay mein shaitaan aankh ke raste se dil mein utar jata hai, phir dono fareeq hum-kalaam hote hain aur yun baat aage barhti chali jati hai.

Nigaahon ki hifazat se murad sirf yeh nahi hai ke mard aur aurat ek doosre ke chehre ko na dekhein, balke is se murad yeh bhi hai ke doosron ke satar par nigaah na daali jaye aur na hi kisi qisam ke fahash manazir ya tasaveer ko dekha jaye.

Is hawale se mandarja zail ahadees se rehnumai hasil hoti hai:

Nabi Akram ﷺ ne farmaya, "Ae Ali, ek nazar ke baad doosri nazar na daalna. Pehli nigaah jo bila iraada parh gayi maaf hai, magar doosri maaf nahi." Farmaya, "Foran nigaah phair lo ya neeche kar lo."
Jis Musalman ki nigaah kisi aurat ke husn par padhe aur woh nigaah hata le, to Allah uski ibaadat mein lutf aur lazat paida kar deta hai.
Nabi ﷺ hadees-e-qudsi bayan farmate hain ke, "Nigaah Iblees ke teeron mein se ek zahreela teer hai. Jo shakhs mujhse dar ke iski hifazat karega, main usse iske badle aisa imaan dunga jiski halawat woh apne dil mein paayega."

Note: Kisi ajnabi aurat ko dekhne ki baaz sooratein jaiz hain, maslan:

Agar ek shakhs kisi aurat se nikah karna chahe to use ijaazat hai ke chhupke us par ek nazar daal le.
Adalati karwai ya gawaahi ke liye qazi ka kisi aurat ko dekhna jaiz hai.
Taftees-e-jaram ke liye police ka kisi aurat ko dekhna jaiz hai.
Ilaaj ke liye doctor ka mareeza ko dekhna jaiz hai.

Ek ahem nuqta

Nigaah neeche rakhne ka hukm aurton ke liye bhi hai aur mardon ke liye bhi, lekin aurton ke mardon ko dekhne ke baare mein sakhti kam hai. Jis mard se aurat ka barah-e-raast rabta (contact) ka imkan ho, usse dekhna manaa hai. Albatta jis mard se rabta ka imkan na ho, usse kisi zarurat aur maqsad ke tehat dekha ja sakta hai.

Yehi wajah hai ke ghar se bahar nikalne par aurton ke liye do chehre ka parda hai, lekin mardon ke liye nahi. Ek riwayat mein hai ke 7 Hijri mein Habshiyon ka ek wafd Madinah aaya aur unhon ne Masjid-e-Nabwi ﷺ ke paas tamaasha kiya. Nabi ﷺ ne khud Hazrat Aisha رضي الله عنها ko yeh tamaasha dikhaya.

Isi nuqte ke tehat agar barah-e-raast rabta ka imkan na ho, to khawateen mardon se dini aur jadeed taleem seekh sakti hain.