Ijazat lene ka huqm apne ghar ki surat me bhi hai

Yeh baat humare samaj mein chhoti lagti hai, lekin asal mein yeh ek badi samajhdari aur adab ka paigham hai jo ghar ke andar ke mohabbat bhare mahaul ko banaye rakhne ka zariya hai.

Ek shakhs ne Nabi Akram ﷺ se sawal kiya:
"Kya main apni maa ke paas jaane se pehle bhi ijazat loon?"
Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: "Haan."
Us shakhs ne hairan ho kar kaha:
"Mere siwa unki khidmat karne wala koi nahi hai, kya har baar jab main unke paas jaoon to ijazat maangoon?"
Nabi Akram ﷺ ne jawab diya:
"Kya tu pasand karega ke apni maa ko aise haalat mein dekhe jo unko pasand na ho?"

Sochne wali baat yeh hai ke agar maa, behen ya ghar ke doosre log apne ghar ke andar kisi aise waqt mein hoon jab woh aapko dekhna pasand na karte hoon, to yeh unke liye na sirf ajeeb hota hai, balki unki izzat aur apni rahat ka bhi takaza hai ke unhein pehle se khabar ho.

Ijazat lena ek chhoti si aadat hai jo aapki sharaafat aur tameez ka saboot deti hai. Yeh aadat ghar ke rishton mein ek nayi izzat aur mohabbat paida karti hai. Kyunke har shakhs ko apni privacy (zati zindagi) ka haq hota hai, chahe wo maa ho, behen ho ya koi aur.

Hazrat Abdullah bin Masood رضي الله عنه ka qoul hai:
"Apni maa aur behnon ke paas bhi jao to ijazat lekar jao."
Yeh aapki apno ke liye izzat aur apne aap ki tameez ko dikhata hai.

Aur dekhiye, Hazrat Zainab رضي الله عنها se riwayat hai ke jab unke shauhar ghar aate, to woh kisi na kisi awaaz ke zariye apni aamdad ka ehsaas dilate the. Iska matlab yeh tha ke woh achanak kisi ke samne nahi aate the, balke apne ghar walon ko pehle se tayyar karte the.

Is hukm ka asal maqsad yeh hai ke:

Ghar ke logon ki izzat aur rahat ka khayal rakha jaye. Har shakhs ko apni zindagi mein ek zati waqt aur ek zati jagah chahiye hoti hai. Ijazat lena unhein yeh sukoon deta hai ke aap unka khayal rakhte hain.
Mohabbat aur tameez ka izhar hota hai. Jab aap ghar ke logon ke paas ijazat le kar jaate hain, to unke dil mein aapke liye ek izzat aur mohabbat paida hoti hai. Yeh chhoti si cheez ghar ke rishton ko aur mazboot banati hai.
Galat aur pareshan karne wale waqton se bacha jata hai. Sochiye agar aap achanak maa ya behen ke samne aa jaayein aur woh kisi aise haalat mein hoon jo unhein pasand nahi, to woh sharminda ho sakti hain. Yeh ek musalman ka farz hai ke woh doosron ki izzat ka poora khayal rakhe.

Ijazat lena ek tahzeeb hai jo humein insaniyat aur Islam dono sikhata hai. Yeh aadat na sirf ghar ke andar, balki har jagah ek acha insaan banane mein madad karti hai.

Socho, jab aap ek chhoti si awaaz ya ijazat se apne ghar walon ke saamne jaate hain, to yeh unhein yeh ehsaas dilata hai ke aap unki izzat karte hain. Isi se ghar ke andar sukoon, izzat aur pyaar ka mahaul ban jata hai.

Yeh ek sunnat bhi hai, ek tahzeeb bhi aur ek zaroorat bhi. Chhoti si baat, lekin iska asar zindagi bhar ke liye hota hai. Rishta chaahe maa ka ho, behen ka ho ya kisi aur apne ka — ijazat lena unhein aur zyada izzat aur apnapan deta hai.

Nigah (Nazar) Nichi Rakhna

Nigaahein neeche rakhne ki zaroorat aur ahmiyat ka andaza is baat se lagaya ja sakta hai ki Allah Ta'ala ne mardon aur aurton ke liye alag-alag taur par iska hukm diya hai. Yeh hukm sirf ek aam baat nahi balki ek bahut zaroori aur samajhdari ki baat hai jo insani zindagi ko sudharne aur fitno se bachane ke liye hai.

Surah An-Nur ki Ayat no. 30 mein Allah Ta'ala ne farmaya:
"Qul lil-mu'mineena yaghuddoo min absarihim wa yahfazoo furoojahum"
(Ae Nabi ﷺ, momin mardon se keh do ki apni nigaahein neeche rakhein aur apni sharamgah ki hifazat karein).

Yani Allah Ta'ala ne pehle mardon ko yeh taaleem di ki woh apni nigaahein neeche rakhne ka aadat banayein. Nigaahein neeche rakhne ka matlab yeh hai ki wo na-mahram aurton ko ghoor kar na dekhein ya kisi ke husn aur shakal mein uljha na rahein. Zyada dekhna, galat soch aur galat raahein khol sakta hai jo akhir mein insan ko pareshani aur gunaahon mein le jata hai.

Iske baad, Ayat no. 31 mein Allah Ta'ala ne aurton ke liye bhi yahi hukm diya:
"Wa qul lil-mu'minaati yaghzudna min absarihinna wa yahfazna furoojahunna"
(Ae Nabi ﷺ, momin auraton se keh do ki apni nigaahein neeche rakhein aur apni sharamgah ki hifazat karein).

Yeh hukm auraton ke liye bhi utna hi zaroori hai jitna mardon ke liye. Yani aurtein bhi na-mahram mardon ko dekhne se apne aap ko rokein aur apni nigaahon ko sambhalein. Iska matlab yeh hai ki ek doosre ki taraf ghoor kar dekhne se insani dilon mein bekaar khayal aur fitna paida hota hai.

Yeh dono ayatein humse yeh samjhaati hain ki:

Nigaahein neeche rakhna insani izzat aur sharafat ka saboot hai. Jo apni nigaahein neeche rakhta hai, woh apne dil ko paak aur apne amal ko behtar rakhta hai.
Apni sharamgah ki hifazat karna yani apni sharafat aur izzat ka khayal rakhna, yeh insani zindagi ke liye ek zaroori qadam hai.

Allah Ta'ala ka yeh hukm ek aisi hifazat hai jo insaan ko na sirf duniya ke fitno se bachata hai balki akhirat mein bhi ek pak aur imandaar zindagi ka sabab banta hai. Nigaahein neeche rakhne se insaan ka soch vichar, dil aur amal saaf rehta hai aur woh har galat cheez se door rehne ki koshish karta hai.

Yeh baat samajhna zaroori hai ki jab hum apne dil aur nigaahein paak rakhenge, tabhi hamari zindagi mein asliyat aur imaandari ka izafa hoga. Nigaahein neeche rakhna ek chhoti si baat lag sakti hai, lekin yeh ek badi buniyad hai jo gunahon aur buri aadaton se bachne ka raasta kholti hai.

Isliye, chaahe mard ho ya aurat, har ek ke liye zaroori hai ke woh apne nigaahon par qaboo paayein aur apni izzat ki hifazat karein. Iska faida yeh hoga ki samaj mein sharafat, paakizgi aur izzat ka mahaul paida hoga jo aane wali naslon ke liye ek behtareen misaal banega.

Nigaahon ki hifazat ka hukm ghar se bahar bhi hai, lekin asal mein yeh hukm ghar ke andar ke liye zyada zaroori hai. Jab hum baat karte hain nigaahon ki hifazat ki, toh iska taluq sirf bahar chalne phirne ya na-mahramon ko na dekhne tak mehdoood nahi hai. Yeh hukm ghar ke andar ke liye bhi utna hi ahem hai. Kyun? Kyunke ghar ke andar hum relaxed hote hain, aur aksar be-ehteyaati se nigaah idhar-udhar chali jaati hai. Bahar toh agar hum nigaah neeche rakhein, toh koi cheez se takrane ka khatra ho sakta hai, lekin ghar mein is baat ka khatra nahi hota. Aise me, ghar mein bhi humein apni nigaahon ka pura khayal rakhna chahiye.

"Nigaahein neeche rakhne ka asal maqsad yeh hai ke fitna aur na-pasandeeda sochon ko paida hone se roka jaaye."

Ghar ke andar ka taqaza

Ghar ke andar humein apni mahram khawateen (aurto) ke saath izzat aur tahzeeb ka rishta nibhana hota hai. Yaqeenan, maa, behen aur doosri mahram khawateen ke saath ek taqaddus (pakizgi) ka rishta hota hai, lekin iske bawajood:

Mard aur aurat jins-e-mukhalif hain – yani dono mein ek fitrati kashish (attraction) hoti hai jo Allah Ta'ala ne paida ki hai. Yeh kashish buri nahi, lekin iska galat istimaal fitna aur gunaah ka sabab ban sakta hai.
Nigaahon ki be-ehteyaati ghar ke mahaul ko kharaab kar sakti hai. Jaise be-dhyan se kisi ko ghoor kar dekhna, ya aise nazar daalna jo doosre ko na-pasand ho, yeh adab ke khilaf hai.

Nigaahon ki hifazat aur iski hikmat

Allah Ta'ala ne Quran mein nigaahon ki hifazat ke hukm ko hifazat-e-farj (apne badan ki paakizgi aur izzat ki hifazat) ke hukm se pehle isliye rakha kyunke:

Bad-naziri badkaari ki pehli seedi hai – jab insaan apni nigaah ko be-lagaam chhod deta hai, toh dheere dheere uske dil mein galat khayal paida hote hain.
Nigaahein dil ka darwaza hoti hain – jo cheez aapki nigaahein dekhti hain, woh aapke dil tak pahunch jaati hai. Agar nigaah saaf aur paak ho, toh dil bhi paak rehta hai. Lekin agar nigaah mein be-ehteyaati ho, toh yeh dil mein fitna daalti hai aur aage chal kar badi pareshaniyon ka sabab ban sakti hai.
Rishte ka izzat aur tahzeeb – ghar ke andar ke rishton ki khubsurati yeh hai ke woh izzat aur tahzeeb par mabni hote hain. Apni nigaahon ka ehtiyaat karke hum un rishton ko aur zyada mazboot aur paak bana sakte hain.

Sochiye, agar har shakhs apni nigaahon ki hifazat kare toh:

Ghar ka mahaul sukoon wala ban jayega. Sab ek doosre ki izzat aur hurmat ka khayal rakhenge.
Dil paak aur sukoon mein rahega. Jab hum apni nigaahein sambhalte hain, toh galat sochon se bach jate hain jo hamare dil aur dimagh ko pareshaan karti hain.
Fitna aur pareshani se bachao hota hai. Chhoti be-ehteyaati, jo lagti toh aam si hai, asal mein bade fitne ka zariya ban sakti hai.

Allah Ta'ala ne nigaahon ki hifazat ke hukm mein ek badi hikmat aur samajh rakhi hai. Yeh sirf ek zahiri amal nahi, balki apne dil ko paak aur apne rishton ko khubsurat banane ka tareeqa hai. Jab hum nigaahon ka ehtiyaat karte hain, toh Allah Ta'ala humein dil ka sukoon aur apni ibaadat ki lutf o lazzat ata karte hain.

Isliye, chaahe ghar ke andar ho ya bahar, nigaahon ki hifazat ek chhoti si adat hai jo humein duniya aur akhirat dono mein behtar insaan banati hai.

Hadees mein kai jagah aata hai ke ek martaba ek naabeena Sahabi Hazrat Abdullah bin Umm Maktoom رضي الله عنه Nabi Akram ﷺ ke hujra mubarak mein tashreef laaye to Sayyida Maimoona رضي الله عنها aur Sayyida Umm Salama رضي الله عنها se aap ﷺ ne farmaya, "Inse parda karo." Woh kehne lagein, "Kya yeh naabeena nahi hain?" Aap ﷺ ne farmaya, "Magar tum to naabeena nahi ho."

Hamaare maamlaat aaj is nahj par pohnch chuke hain ke humne naujawan ladkiyon ko makhloot taleemi idaaron, daftaron aur deegar mahafil mein ghair-mahramon ke saath azadana mail-jol ki ijaazat de rakhi hai. Baaz waalideen kehte hain ke humein apni beti par bharosa hai. Kya Nabi Akram ﷺ ko (naudhubillah) Hazrat Aisha رضي الله عنها aur deegar azwaj-e-mutahharat رضي الله عنهن par bharosa nahi tha, jinki pakeezgi ki gawaahi khud Rabb-ul-Izzat ne Surah An-Nur ke doosre rukoo mein di hai?

Bad-naziri ke nateejay mein shaitaan aankh ke raste se dil mein utar jata hai, phir dono fareeq hum-kalaam hote hain aur yun baat aage barhti chali jati hai.

Nigaahon ki hifazat se murad sirf yeh nahi hai ke mard aur aurat ek doosre ke chehre ko na dekhein, balke is se murad yeh bhi hai ke doosron ke satar par nigaah na daali jaye aur na hi kisi qisam ke fahash manazir ya tasaveer ko dekha jaye.

Is hawale se mandarja zail ahadees se rehnumai hasil hoti hai:

Nabi Akram ﷺ ne farmaya, "Ae Ali, ek nazar ke baad doosri nazar na daalna. Pehli nigaah jo bila iraada parh gayi maaf hai, magar doosri maaf nahi." Farmaya, "Foran nigaah phair lo ya neeche kar lo."
Jis Musalman ki nigaah kisi aurat ke husn par padhe aur woh nigaah hata le, to Allah uski ibaadat mein lutf aur lazat paida kar deta hai.
Nabi ﷺ hadees-e-qudsi bayan farmate hain ke, "Nigaah Iblees ke teeron mein se ek zahreela teer hai. Jo shakhs mujhse dar ke iski hifazat karega, main usse iske badle aisa imaan dunga jiski halawat woh apne dil mein paayega."

Note: Kisi ajnabi aurat ko dekhne ki baaz sooratein jaiz hain, maslan:

Agar ek shakhs kisi aurat se nikah karna chahe to use ijaazat hai ke chhupke us par ek nazar daal le.
Adalati karwai ya gawaahi ke liye qazi ka kisi aurat ko dekhna jaiz hai.
Taftees-e-jaram ke liye police ka kisi aurat ko dekhna jaiz hai.
Ilaaj ke liye doctor ka mareeza ko dekhna jaiz hai.

Ek ahem nuqta

Nigaah neeche rakhne ka hukm aurton ke liye bhi hai aur mardon ke liye bhi, lekin aurton ke mardon ko dekhne ke baare mein sakhti kam hai. Jis mard se aurat ka barah-e-raast rabta (contact) ka imkan ho, usse dekhna manaa hai. Albatta jis mard se rabta ka imkan na ho, usse kisi zarurat aur maqsad ke tehat dekha ja sakta hai.

Yehi wajah hai ke ghar se bahar nikalne par aurton ke liye do chehre ka parda hai, lekin mardon ke liye nahi. Ek riwayat mein hai ke 7 Hijri mein Habshiyon ka ek wafd Madinah aaya aur unhon ne Masjid-e-Nabwi ﷺ ke paas tamaasha kiya. Nabi ﷺ ne khud Hazrat Aisha رضي الله عنها ko yeh tamaasha dikhaya.

Isi nuqte ke tehat agar barah-e-raast rabta ka imkan na ho, to khawateen mardon se dini aur jadeed taleem seekh sakti hain.